سخن سردبیر
text
article
2012
per
سخن سردبیر
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
1
1
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53909_252f91d3b1d143b5474d90bdb3113d92.pdf
Geothermometry and Geobarometry of Metamorphic Rocks of Dehnow (Northwest of Mashhad)
Ramin
Samadi
Dept. of Geology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
M. V.
Valizadeh
Faculty of Science, College of Geology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
H.
Mirnejad
Faculty of Science, College of Geology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
H.
Kawabata
Institute for Research on Earth Evolutions (IFREE), Japan Agency for Marine -Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
author
text
article
2012
per
Metamorphic rocks of Dehnow area mainly consist of gray to black fine-grained schists. Garnet schists are closer to the tonalitic body than the garnet chloritoid schists. There is a thin layer of staurolite and andalusite bearing hornfels between these schists and the Dehnow tonalitic body. Garnet schists and garnet chloritoid schists of Dehnow area are mineralogically comprised of quartz, biotite, muscovite, garnet, chlorite, chloritoid, tourmaline and ilmenite. Geothermobarometry results indicate that hornfels (550oC, 4.3 kbar) and garnet chloritoid schist (486-497oC) have formed in lower equilibrium condition in comparison with garnet schist (569oC, 5.3 kbar).
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
3
14
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53911_3d5c4172b0bdfde0adf2b000569e7917.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53911
Study of Tectonic Plate Motions Contribution of the Middle-East Region in the GPS Velocity Field of Iranian CampaignGlobal Geodynamic Network
B.
Vosooghi
Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering., K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
author
A.
Rastbood
Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering., K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2012
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In this research, the role of various existing tectonic plate and faulting motions in the middle-east region has been investigated on the geodetic data and its purpose is to estimate the contribution of these motions in the GPS velocity field of campaign global geodynamic network in the region of Iran using fracture mechanics concepts and dislocation modeling. For modeling the faulting data in the Middle-East region were decomposed to various categories by considering the tectonics of the region and were included in the model and the induced velocity field due to them were modeled and compared with GPS velocity field. Obtained results show that the contribution of Arabian plate in observational GPS velocity field is more than the contribution of Anatolian plateau faultings and inside faultings of Iran create an internal north-south compression component and a counterclockwise rotation component in the modeled velocity field. According to modeling results about 30% of GPS velocity field components are produced by Iranian inside faults, 60% by Arabian plate and 10% by Anatolian plate.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
15
24
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53949_94424dae5f0adf367c93a4fcc878795b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53949
Study of Cranium of Gazella capricornis skull (Antilopinae) from Northwest of Iran
V.
Khaki
Department of Geology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
Z.
Purabrishami
Department of Geology, College of Basic Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
author
A.
Zavarehee
Department of Geology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
Kh.
Khosrotehrani
Department of Geology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2012
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Vertebrate fossil fauna of Late Miocene age in Maragheh contains various mammals preserved in pyroclastic deposits of southern Sahand volcano. This study has been conducted on Gazella capricornis (a perfect skull). Since no other sample with such a good perfectness was found before at other localities (previous ones were isolated horns or tooth rows), it can be proposed as a complemental to the samples type. Gazella capricornis was found not only in Maragheh but also in Samos and Pikermi (Greece), Akkaşdaği (Turkey), Bulgaria, … (east of Europe and west of Asia); which indicates similarities in Late Miocene-Early Pliocene fossil fauna, paleogeography, relative ages, sediments and paleoecology between these regions.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
25
30
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53950_5bdc48ae795a1c25f787b134bfde9016.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53950
Microbiostratigraphic Study of the Gurpi Formation at Kuh-e Khaneh Kat (East of Shiraz)
M. R.
Esmaeilbeig
Department of Geology, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch, , Shiraz, Iran.
author
text
article
2012
per
The study of planktonic foraminifera of the Gurpi Formation at Kuh-e Khane Kat (east of Shiraz) led me to find standard biozones from Early Santonian to Middle Campaninan. Four biozones were determined: biozones I (Dicarinella asymetrica zone) and II (Rosita fornicata zone) belong to Early and Late Santonian. Biozones III (Globotruncanita stuartiformis zone) and IV (Globotruncana ventricosa zone) represent the Early and Middle Campaninan. Due to a decrease in water depth in Kuh-e Khane Kat, Globotruncanita calcarata zone and other Maastrichtian plagic biozones were not recognized. In this section, Gurpi Formation is 220.5 meters thick and contains shale and argillaceous limestone. Its underlying and overlying formations are Sarvak and Tarbur.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
31
36
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53953_07fcca451e195a087880113fd2ba1193.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53953
Paleontological Modification of Carboniferous Deposits at Simeh-Kuh Section - Northern Damghan, by Four Conodont Biozones
H.
Mosaddegh
School of Earth Science, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran
author
A.
Barari
Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
H.
Hamdi2
Institute of Earth Sciences, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2012
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During the Carboniferous time, Iran was a part of the northern margin of Gondwana. Carboniferous deposits of Iran are characterized by continental to shallow marine deposits. The studied section (Simeh- Kooh) is located in 5 Km Northwest of Damghan city in the east Alborz region. The lower Carboniferous Mobarak Formation consists of variable thickness of limestones interbeded with shale beds. The thickness of this section is about 115 m. The Mobarak Formation overlay the upper Devonian Jeirud Formation with a transitional contact and is unconformably underlain by lower Permian mixed siliciclastic-carbonate succession of Dorud Formation. This research is focused on the conodonts and facies. Conodont elements consist of 13 genus and 19 species. 5 Biozones is identified including, costatus zone (Latest Famennian), Sandbergi-L. crenulata zone, isostaticha-U. crenulata zone (Middle Tournaisian), typicus-anchoralis-latus zone (Late Tournaisian) and G. bilineatus zone (Middle-Late Visean) correspond to global zonation. The Tournaisian succession consist of alternation of organic matter rich shales and dark thin-bedded limestones is supposed to have deposited in a deep marine environment with a low oxygen condition. The paleontological and facies characteristics of Devonian-Carboniferous transition definitely show a rapid sea level rise and flooding event in this time in Eastern Alborz which corresponds with the Hangenberg Bioevent known in other parts of the world.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
37
42
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53954_185d6037d8762cc0295dc3e310cb3170.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53954
Petrological, Geochemical and Tectonomagmatic Setting of Bouin- Miandasht Intrusion in Sanandaj- Sirjan Zone(SSZ) (West of Iran)
M.
Sabeti
Research Institute for Earth Sciences, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran
author
M. H.
Emami
Department of Geology, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, Tehran, Iran
author
A.
Saeedi
Research Institute for Earth Sciences, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran
author
K.
Ajdary
Research Institute for Earth Sciences, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran
author
A.
Minaee
Research Institute for Earth Sciences, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran
author
A. R.
Nadimi
Department of Geology, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran.
author
text
article
2012
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Bouin– Miandasht Intrusive body is located in South- West of Golpayegan quadrangle and Sanandaj- Sirjan Zone. This Intrusion is composed of a compositional range including: porphyroid granite (monzogranite- syenogranite), granodiorite and gabbro – diorite. Variation diagrams of major and trace elements show a trend of continuous compositive spectrum and affinity in granite to granodiorite and noncontinuous spectrum and lack of affinity between gobbro- diorite with the former group. All samples are metaluminous and slightly peraluminous, and rich in K contents. On the basis of geochemical data, these rocks are I- type granites characterized by depletion in Ta, Nb, P, Ti and enrichment in Cs, K, Sr, Rb, Ba that are obvious in the multi-element spider diagrams. The enrichment in LILEs and depletion in HFSEs reveal I- type metalominous volcanic arc granitoid (VAG).Satellite images and geological evidences show that there are 2 main fault systems in Golpayegan region with two trends of NW-SE and NE- SW.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
43
56
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53955_d8817730d59f0108ec7b6ae2bba335ca.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53955
Identification of Two Different Phases of Metamorphosed Granitoid in Kuh-Sefid Tootak Anticline Based on U-Pb Age Dating
Behnaz
Hosseini
Department of Geology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
author
M.
Ghorbani
Department of Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
author
S. M.
Pourmoafi
Department of Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
author
A. R.
Ahmadi
Department of Geology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2012
per
Kuh-Sefid anticline trends in NW-SE direction and locates in southern Sanandaj-Sirjan zone, and it contains a sequence of Paleozoic metamorphic rocks with facies ranging from greenschist to lower amphibolite. There are granitoid rocks emplaced in the core of this anticline, which based on their facies, these rocks are divided into two groups of "augen geneiss " and "metagranitoid". During the course of previous studies, these two rock groups had been attributed to a magmatic phase in Mesozoic, which experienced different degrees of deformation. In this study we proceed to determine the age of these two granitoid rock groups based on U-Pb age dating method applied on Zircon minerals. As a result, the age of orthogneiss rocks is 514±24 million years old and they belong to Cambrian, whereas metagranitoid rocks are 173±9 million years old and attributed to Middle Jurassic. Based on geological and structural evidences, the magmatism occurred in Cambrian was related to tension tectonics in Late Precambrian to Early Paleozoic, while the magmatism in Middle Jurassic associated with dextral transpression tectonics in the studied area.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
57
66
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53957_ba8a435755866e5bd263a1edf1136f9f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53957
Sonic Log Effect Assessment on Lithology Estimation by well Logs using Artificial Neural Network in One of the South Pars Field Reservoirs
M. A.
Dezfoolian
Young Researchers Club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2012
per
Lithology Prediction is a fundamental stage in petroleum engineering and formation evaluation. This research is a type of artificial neural network modeling in order to use well bore logs in lithology prediction in a South Pars hydrocarbon reservoir. Here, two networks with three-layer back propagation (BP) method and Levenberg-Marquwardt algorithm have been used for lithology estimation. The network in the first stage, utilized gamma-ray, neutron, density and photoelectric effect (PEF) logs as inputs. On the other hand, the data of sonic log has been also added to the inputs and the results of the two stages have been compared in the second network. Considering the excessive coring expenses, this method can be used as a milestone in decreasing the coring expenses. In this paper, the following procedure is considered first, data from four wells in South Pars field has been used. Second, the network has been trained in one of the reservoir wells (well C) in which core analysis data was available. Third, in another well (well D) which its data does not affect the training process, it has been tested. Forth, after approching to the desired level of confidence in network efficiency, it has been utilized to estimate the lithology in the two other wells (wells A and B). lithologies investigated interval consist of: Dolostone, Limestone, Dolomitic Limestone, Limy Dolostone, Anhydrite, Shale, Shaly Limestone and Shaly Dolostone. In the first case, the mean square error (MSE) for well A was 0.081 and for well B was 0.094. In the second case, the sonic log was added to other input, MSE has become 0.051 in well A and 0.063 in well B. Comparing two cases, it was revealed that the model accuracy has been improved significantly in the second case and sonic log data caused the estimated lithology become closer to the real case.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
67
74
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53959_0fe66d4c1759aa19b543f0d1a91f3af6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53959
Environmental Geochemistry Investigation in Siahkal 1:50000 Map(Based on Geochemical Data Studies)
A.
Farhadi
Department of Geology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran.
author
M. R.
Jafari
Department of Geology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran.
author
S. M. H.
Razavi
Department of Geology, Tarbiat Moalem University, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2012
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Siahkal area (15 km southwest of Lahijan), is located in SE of Rasht 1:100000 geological map. According to the geochemical samples, collected in the coverage of this map, concentration of some elements like Mn, Co, Ni and Pb, have been detected to be higher than normal values, creating a series of symptoms and environmental pollution. For example, they can result in some malformations in plants decreasing the root and stem diameter, shortening, or a change in the color of leaf and stem of plants and trees. Environmental pollution may give rise to diseases in human beings such as sensitivity of respiratory problems, and even cancer. According to the Siahkal 1:50000 map, in some regions such as : Paeen gavaber, Jeer gavaber, up and down Zarkooti, some elements like Mn, Co, Ni and Pb, show high concentrations than the standard values.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
75
88
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53960_c9aa5fba5459e13e4bf99413df6ab8fd.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53960
Analysis of Discontinuties and its Importance on Optimization of Extraction (Case Study: Saeedi Ornamental Stone Quarry, Kerman)
SH.
Shafiei
Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
author
M.
Ebadi
Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
author
M.
Torkashvand
Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
author
text
article
2012
per
One of the most basic problems in the exploration and extraction of the ornamental stone quarries is the recognition and modeling of the discontinuties. Generally, in the most of the ornamental stone quarries, analysis of the discontinuties is not considered. This study is concerning to the discontinuities analysis in the saeedi ornamental stones quarries (NE Kerman). The Saeedi ornamental stones quarries are located in the Cretaceous limestone. Geological study shows a development of disconitinuties due to effect of two fault systems. Normal faults have dominated features and cause an intensive fracturing in the Saeedi ornamental stones quarries. In order to modeling of disconitinuties, characteristics of discontinuities(e.g. orientation , spacing, persistence,…) were identified in two scan lines, and with use of 3DEC software, block diagram of disconitinuties was prepared for each of face. Block diagrams were contoured for two stages. 1) without effect of face, 2) with effect of face. Comparison of two block diagrams showd an intensive fracturing in rocks due to incorrected position of face. It is concluded that most of face have an incorrected position and must be recontoured and by displacement and change in dimension of face, crushing of rocks will reduce and some of face could returned to extraction cycle.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
89
98
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53961_f0b20b4bdc7551ded469b3be3c432316.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53961
Zoning of RQD Parameter, Based on Faults and Self-Organizing Map in Semilan Dam Site
A. Hossein
Morshedy
School of Mining Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
H.
Memarian
School of Mining Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2012
per
Zoning is an important practice in earth sciences. In zonation, the study area is divided into separate parts and by compiling the results of these parts, a unique model is obtained. In this study, clustering methods are applied for zoning of Semilan dam site. Optimal number of clusters are measured based on geotechnical parameters (lugeon, RQD), the importance of various dam structures and lithology indicators. By ranking of 7 clustering validity indexes, the optimum number of clusters found to be 4. In this paper, clustering was performed by faults locations and self-organizing neural network. In the former case, the study area was divided into four zones based on faults. This two dimensional zoning is independed of the third dimension (depth) and each sample belonged to a cluster. In the later case, a self-organizing map (SOM), which is a kind of neural network capable of clustering, was used. The SOM input data consists of, three dimensional parameters (X,Y,Z), geotechnical parameters (lugeon, RQD) and finally indicators of importance of various dam structures and lithology. Then, 7 input parameters were normalized between 0 to 1 and entered the network for training.The output data were allocated to four zones (clusters). For RQD spatial distribution realization, variography and anisotropy parameters for all four zones were calculated for both cases, Based on the main principal of clustering method which is maximum difference between clusters and maximum similarity between members of each cluster, performance and validation of two cases of clustering, RQD data were defined. Clustering quality index defined as sum of mean differences between two clusters divided by sum of standard deviation of clusters. Maximizing of this index is optimal solution. This study showed that clustering by SOM gives more accurate results than clustering by faults.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
99
112
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53962_160085f0c757a5aa87b497733910fd66.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53962
Petrography and Depositional Environment of Faraghan Formation in Golshan Field in Persian Gulf
M.
Mehdinia
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
R.
Moussavi Harami
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
D.
Jahani
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2012
per
The goal of this study is to use petrographic and other sedimentary features to interpret depositional environment of Faraghan Formation (Lower Permian) in one of the wells in Golshan Field. Golshan Gas Field is located at about 180 km South East of Bushehr between South Pars and North Pars and Ferdowsi Fields. In this study, 130 thin sections of cuttings have been studied, and 8 petrofacies and 3 microfacies and 2 hybrid arenite fasies were identified in the well. Textural maturity of sediments, such as well- sorted and rounded quartz grains, show that the Faraghan Formation was deposited in coastal and shallow marine environments. The identified Facies has been deposited in sabkha, estuarine, foreshore, shoreface and offshore subenvironments.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
113
118
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53964_58dc9b2acd0ed9ea54966d5bd2588eaa.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53964
Petrology and Tectonic Setting of Dizbad Basalts, Neyshabour, NE Iran
A.
Kamali
Department of Geology, Faculty of Natural Science, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
author
H.
Pirooj
Department of Geology, Faculty of Natural Science, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
author
F.
Nemati
Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Soil and Water, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
author
A.
Ameri
Department of Geology, Faculty of Natural Science, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
author
M.
Fadaeyan
Department of Geology, Payam-e- Noor University, Ardabil, Iran
author
text
article
2012
per
The studied area is located in southern part of the Torghabeh quadrangle, 90 km SE of Mashad city. The rocks of the investigated area are alkaline basalt and trachy andesite. The major minerals are plagioclase and pyroxene, minor amounts of olivine. The accessory minerals are rutile, titanite and apatite. The major texture is hiyalomicroporphyry. The nature of magma by various diagrams show that the generated magms are alkaline.The linear trends between Rb/Sr, K/Nb, in the rocks of the study area can show mixing of two sources from mantle astenosphere and lithosphere. Also positive anomaly of Pb and enrichment in LREE, in the studied samples may indicate crustal contamination. The low SiO2, high Mg and also negative Nb anomaly suggest strong role of crustal contamination in the petrogenesis of the studied rocks. The tectonic environment studies shows that these rocks are within plate basalts. Regarding the presence of coral fossil in the associated carbonate rocks and sand stone facies which belong to Devonian age it can be concluded that volcanic rocks of the study area are produed as a Caledonian eruption and shallow depth environment.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
113
118
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53965_5291de37e45b5f6069dab970ba8a558e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53965
The Effect of ASTER Data Calibration on Enhancing Lithological Units; a Case Study from Neyriz Ophiolite Complex
M.
H. Tangestani
Department of Earth Sciences, Shiraz University, Remote Sensing and GIS Center of Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
author
L.
Jafari
Faculty of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
author
text
article
2012
per
Various atmospheric correction algorithms were performed on ASTER L1B VNIR+SWIR datasets, and the results were compared with calibrated AST-07 dataset to introduce the best method. Neyriz ophiolite was chosen as a test area for this purpose. ASTER VNIR+SWIR datasets were calibrated to apparent reflectance using two techniques: 1-Absolute atmospheric correction methods including ATCOR-2 (Atmospheric correction), ATCOR-3 (Atmospheric and Topographic correction); 2- Relative atmospheric correction methods that included IARR (Internal Average Relative Reflectance), FF(Flat Field), EL(Empirical Line), LR(Log Residuals), DOS(Dark Object Subtraction), AR (Apparent Reflectance) and COS(t). Results were evaluated by principal components analysis (Image-based algorithm) and spectral angle mapping (spectrum-based algorithm). Field spectra were used as end-members and confusion matrix was used for comparing the results of spectral angle mapping. Results of calibrated images showed that applied methods could be ranked in descending order according to the achieved accuracy of enhancing rock units as ATCOR-3, AST-07، IARR، LR, SWIR data set (L1B) and other methods had low accuracy for enhancing rock units.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
129
138
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53970_f68b2f90cba6f832f1c2eacd8be1f031.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53970
Release of Potentially Toxic Elements during Weathering of the Black Shales from Aq-Darreh Bala Abandoned Antimony Mine Area, Takab, NW Iran
Soroush
Modabberi
Department of Geology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
author
Y.
Rahimsouri
Department of Geology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
author
A.
Yaghubpur
Department of Geology, Tarbiat Moalem Univesity, Tehran, Iran
author
S.
Alipour
Department of Geology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
author
text
article
2012
per
Black shales of the abandoned antimony mine of Aq-Darreh Bala Village in northwest of Takab city, northwest Iran, contain high concentrations of toxic elements, especially As (4403–11883 ppm), Sb (405–1022 ppm) and Hg (30–58 ppm). Enrichment factor calculations revealed that some trace elements including As, Sb, Hg, Zn, U, Sr, Ni, V, Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, and Zr have been depleted, while, Pb, Th, Ga, Rb, and Ta are enriched during weathering. Mass balance calculation results show the highest release percents (% loss) belongs to Cd, Zn, U, Sr, Ni, V, Cu, As, Mo, Tl, Zr, Hg and Sb respectively. The highest weight amount of released elements belongs to As, Sb, Sr, Zn, Ni, V, Zr, Cu, U, and Hg respectively. As a result, it can be concluded that the black shale outcrops in the Aq-Darreh Bala abandoned antimony mine area have a main role as a geogenic source in environmental contamination of downstream environments.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
139
148
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53972_2220f8536cca0c9f711c762454664eea.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53972
The Application of RBF & PNN Neural Networks in Facies Determination in One of the South Gas Fields, Iran
A.
Kakouei
College of Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering , University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Masihi
Sharif University, Dep. of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Shirani
slamic Azad University, Science & Researches Branch, Dep. of Petroleum Engineering, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2012
per
Determination of different facies is one of the important and basic tasks of geological engineering characterization of reservoir rocks from well logs and core data. Our objective is to identify and determine different facies of the South Pars Field using RBF and PNN neural networks in order to perform static and dynamic simulation. These networks are utilized to identify facies of the South Pars Field for the first time in Iran. In this study, we use different parameters of mentioned networks such as ‘spread’ and ‘goal numbers’ to improve networks operation. In this regards, the optimum values of these two parameters were 0.01-10 and 0.02-0.04 respectively. The results show that the RBF and PNN neural networks are robust means to determine and model the facies of the South Pars Field in Iran.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
149
152
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53974_cf079fd729a247e3b0c6d217e5c843a8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2017.53974
Study of Joints on the North Eshtehard Fault Related Folding
Z.
Hosseinmardi
Research Institute for Earth Sciences, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Ghorashi
Research Institute for Earth Sciences, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
author
M. R.
Ghassemi
Research Institute for Earth Sciences, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Talebian
Research Institute for Earth Sciences, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2012
per
The outcrop of northern part of North Eshtehard Thrust has been selected for study of structural evolution and geological processes. The study area includes folding structures with different scales from regional to outcrop which belong to fault related folding category. Analysis of joints in the region among upper red formation strata shows two main sets which are usually tensional (j1 & j2). These joints are visible in sandstone units of upper red formation and most of them are filled with gypsum. It is obvious that the j1 joints are younger than j2. j1 and j2 joints are related to folding processes. The local stress field which could be measured from the joint study is σ1=337/75, σ2=189/13 and σ3=077/03 and corresponds with the given paleostress direction for southern part of central Alborz.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
153
160
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53976_82b9631c934409c7cbba67f3438ff6f4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2017.53976
Results of the Remote Sensing Studies and Reasons of Composite Halos in Exploration Kahang Area
A.
Khakzad
North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
A.
Khakzad
Faculty of Engineering, Industrial University of Esfehan, Esfehan, Iran
author
H.
Asadi
Faculty of Engineering, Industrial University of Esfehan, Esfehan, Iran.
author
M. H.
Emami
Research Institute for Earth Sciences, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2012
per
Kahang exploration area located in Esfahan state and 10 Km of the east of Zefreh town that is located on Uromieh-Dokhtar volcanoplotonic belt. Primary results showed that it has good potential for resources of Copper (Cu) and Molybdenum (Mo). Kahang region is an alteration and breccia zone. Generally, more than %90 of rocks of this region has been affected by hydrothermal fluids.The occurrence of altration zones and Iron Oxides were confirmed by Satellite images processing. Faults and linear features were recognized using Satellite images (ETM) processing and PCA method. 320 litho geochemical samples of the area have been collected. They were chemically analyzed For geochemical survey . For the reason of irregular distribution of the elements in haloes related to porphyric massives , the normal data are used for study of distribution pattern of indicator elements and drawing maps . Also , the degree of correlation between elements are calculated using some statistic methods such as spearman and pearson and cluster analysis .Based on factor analysis method is distinguished that principal elements of the area are affected by 4 factors. In the next stage , geochemical maps of unielement of soil and rock samples are drawed for study of pattern of zonation of elements . Based on threshold limit method , the anomalous areas and pattern of zonation of elements are distinguished. Also, for separating and identifying the important anomalies, the P.N. method was used. For investigation of geochemical behaviors of Cu and Mo, anomalous maps of 10 elements were drawn which are Cu, Mo, Au, Ag, Pb, Zn, As, Sb, Mn and Ba. Consequently, it was found that in central part of Quartzmonzonites and Diorites areas the most concentration of Cu and Mo have been occurred, whereas in the margin of the andesitic rocks areas there is the most concentration of supergeous ores such as Pb, Zn and Ag.
To get better results and also to select the proper points for drilling, the composites haloes method was used and on the base of standard normalized data, the map of composite haloes of supergene and hypogen ores were drawn. The Solovof method was used for evaluation of erosion surface in ore area. The results show that the ore is located in subsurface and has not been destroyed by erosion.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
161
168
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53977_a299547d5f9b3882fe0951a0c61ee317.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53977
Paleoseismologic Activity and Subsidence Rate on Tehran Alluvium Deposits in Chitgar Section; using Paleoseismological Data
A.
Kaveh Firouz
Faculty of Sciences, Geology Department, Scholar of Science and Research Branch, Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
H.
Nazari
Research Institute for Earth Science, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Arian
Faculty of Sciences, Geology Department, Scholar of Science and Research Branch, Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
A.
Shafei
Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran
author
T.
Majidi
Faculty of Sciences, Geology Department, Scholar of Science and Research Branch, Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Shokri
Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2012
per
The North Tehran Fault with a length of about 110 km in North of Tehran and soutern of central Alborz with W-E trend (N25˚E) and dipping (30˚NE) is located in western of Mosha Fault.The branch of Chitgar such as Milad and Vardavard Fault in the form of propagation fault is increased toward south. Previous morphotectonical investigation along the North Tehran Fault show that shear of quaternary sedimentation and pressure mechanism with left-lateral component. Determination of seismic parameter and seismic action that result of this fault movement, need to doing paleoseismological investigation. In this text with using stratigraphy correlation method, estimated of subsidence rate is 0.16 mm/yr and logging with ratio and ortho photography method, 3-6 event is determined with 6.4-7.4 magnitude and recurrence
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
169
178
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53978_ed7555c6a3c6127624c5832dbaf3c7b1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53978
Bivalvias and Echinoides of Kazhdumi Formation from Sivand and Kuh-e- Khanekat Stratigraphic Sections in North and North- East of Shiraz
M.
Dehghani
Member of Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Islamic- Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
author
S.
Dehghani
Member of Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Islamic- Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
author
V.
Ahmadi
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Islamic- Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
author
A.
Zavarei
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Islamic- Azad University, North-Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2012
per
Two stratigraphic sections of Kazhdumi Formation were selected form Sivand (165m.) and Kuh-e-khanekat (108m.) Areas for Pelecypoda avd Echinoides study. Recognized taxones of Bivalvia and Echinoides are following as: Neithea striatocostata, Exogyra undata, Isocardia aff. neglecta, Astarte sp., Opis sp., Leptosolen sp.,Trigonia crenulifera, Exogyra flabellata ,Salenidia boulei, Pliotoxaster cf. lyonsi ,Epiaster whitei, Inoceramus sp.Assemblage- zones of the mentioned taxones and comparison of them with accompanied zones (foraminifers), age of studied sediments is Albian to Early Cenomanian.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
179
188
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53979_6f5a0773531c498d9041a3829275d70c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53979
Petrology and Geochemistry of the Extrusive Sequence of Harsin Ophiolite, W Iran
Kh.
Allahyari
Earth Science Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Pourmoafi
Earth Science Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Khaleatbari-Jafari
Research Institute for Earth Science, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2012
per
The extrusive sequence of Kermanshah ophiolite complex are exposed in Tamark and Gashor area, in east of Kermanshah and Harsin, in west of Iran. These lavas are located along the Main Zagros Reverse Fault, which marks the ophiolitic suture zone between the Zagros belt and the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone. These rocks with pillow structures are nominated in Tamark area as basalt to basaltic andesite and in Gashor area as basalt to basaltic trachy-andesite. According to classifications for magmatic series Tamark’s pillows are belong to subalkali series and Gashor’s pillows are belong to alkaline series. In classifications of tectono magmatic patterns, Tamark and Gashor’s basalts respectively are plotted in E-MORB and WPB. These rocks in both of pillows enriched from LILE, LREE and some HFSE and the enriched mantel is the source of the primitive magma. They represent the Neo-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere originally existing between the Arabian and Eurasian continental margins.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
189
198
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53980_25d389333fee3352ff34c39cf6aea888.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53980
Remote Sensing Studies of Alteration Zones in Dahaneh Qaleh Exploration Prospect, Northwestern Bardeskan
Kh.
Ebrahimi
Department of Geology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
author
p.
Roohbakhsh
Department of Geology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
author
S. M.
Homam
Department of Geology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
H.
Abbasnia
Khorasan Razavi Organization of Industries & Mines, Mashhad, Iran.
author
text
article
2012
per
Dahaneh Qaleh exploration prospect is located about 300 km southwest of Mashhad and 50 km northwest of Bardeskan. The exploration prospect is also a part of Taknar massive sulfide mineralization zone and lithology of the area consists of chlorite sericite schist, biotite sericite schist and sericite schist with metamorphosed basic and intermediate igneous rocks in the type range from meta-gabbro diorite to meta-diorite that they belong to Taknar Formation.Taknar Formation was intrusived by low grade metamorphosed intermediate subvolcanic intrusive rocks with porphyry texture in the type range of meta-hornblende-quartz monzonite porphyry, meta-hornblende-quartz monzodiorite porphyry, meta-hornblende monzodiorite porphyry, meta-quartz monzonite porphyry and meta-hornblende-quartz monzosyenite porphyry. All of the geological unites are affected by moderate to severe alteration and sulfide minerals including pyrite, were transformed to secondary iron oxides due to oxidation. Before the field investigation, ETM+ and ASTER sensors data were processed with "color composition of band ratios", "standard and selective principal component analysis" methods and finally "spectral angle mapping" as a successful method for more accurate separation of altered minerals that introduced Hematitic, Chloritic, Epidotic, Sericitic and Silicification alteration zones in the study area. Accuracy of the processes were proved by the following field, petrography and mineralography studies.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
199
208
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53981_22ae4fb2a987df3c9f5ad3e089527be3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53981
Seismicity of Rafsanjan-Zarand Region
A.
Sistanipour
Department of Geology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Pourkermani
Department of Geology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Arian
Department of Geology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2012
per
Bafq-Baghin fault system has formed by 8 fault segments. On this fault system has not recorded any historical seismic data. Instrumentally earthquakes are located in low depth and their magnitude is from small to medium. Morphometric parameters and the presence of fault scarp along the fault segments indicate their activeness. Recent earthquake epicenters of the region (2005-2009) have northeast-southwest trend are located at the intersection of southeast of the Bafq-Baghin fault system. Field investigations and satellite images of region show that the concentration trend of recent earthquake epicenters is located on the cross fault trend that introduced as Rafsanjan-Zarand fault. This fault is one of the X faults in the region that has formed by movement of shear zone.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Geological Survey of Iran
1023-7429
21
v.
84
no.
2012
207
212
http://www.gsjournal.ir/article_53982_93f3f56a3de2430f22d884f3953370ee.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2012.53982