Petroleum geology
Nasim Maleki Sadeghi; Ahmad Ahmadi-khalaji; Reza Zarei Sahamieh; Zahra Tahmasbi
Abstract
The study area is a part of Zagros Folded zone and located in the Lorestan sedimentary basin. In this regard, three areas with high bitumen potential were selected, which include the northern area of Kuhdasht, northeast of Poldokhtar and southeast of Sepiddasht. In the study areas, bitumens are exposed ...
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The study area is a part of Zagros Folded zone and located in the Lorestan sedimentary basin. In this regard, three areas with high bitumen potential were selected, which include the northern area of Kuhdasht, northeast of Poldokhtar and southeast of Sepiddasht. In the study areas, bitumens are exposed as veins between the fractures and as interlayers with host rock that the thickness of these veins is between 10 cm to more than 1.5 meters. Field studies showed that the studied bitumens have developed in the shales of Amiran Formation. Based on the results of organic geochemistry, 80.10 to 93.60% of the extractable saturated compounds are in the category of asphalts and have a very good quality in terms of thermal maturity (maturity of organic matter). The studied samples are formed in a reducing to slightly reducing sedimentary environment. Drawing the diagram of C34/C35 Homohopane vs. C29/C30 Hopane for the studied bitumens showed that the generating rocks of the studied samples are carbonate and detrital in nature. This can be explained by the lithology of bituminous formations such as Ilam and Gurpi formations in the study areas. The triangular diagram of regular streams (m/z = 217) for the studied bitumens showed that the source of organic compounds of the studied bitumens is mostly marine with a small amount of entry from dry environments. Severe depletion of the carbon isotope (average -28.83 per mill) indicates organic origin and biomass in these samples. On the other hand, sulfur compounds with depletion (-12.16 per mill) indicate formation in a reduced to semi-regenerated sedimentary environment and oxygen isotope data (+15.03 per mill) indicate the formation of organic matter of sedimentary origin.
Petrology
Abdolsamad pourmohammad; Ahmad Ahmadi khalaji; Masoud Homam; Zahra Tahmasbi; Mohammad Ebrahimi
Abstract
Geysour area is located in the east of Gonabad city and is part of the north of the Lut Block. The rocks in this area include granitoid rocks and high temperature – low pressure metamorphic rocks. Granitoid rocks are composed of granodiorite, enclave (metamorphic and igneous) and microgranites. ...
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Geysour area is located in the east of Gonabad city and is part of the north of the Lut Block. The rocks in this area include granitoid rocks and high temperature – low pressure metamorphic rocks. Granitoid rocks are composed of granodiorite, enclave (metamorphic and igneous) and microgranites. These rocks belong to medium to high potassium calc-alkaline series, low temperature I type granite and are poorly peraluminous. The Chondrite-normalized REE patterns show that the rocks are enriched incompatible elements, with negative anomalies in Nb, Ta, Sr, P, Ti and Ba and strong enrichment in Rb, K and Th. These patterns are in perfect harmony in granodiorite, microgranular enclave (MME) and microgranite specimens. This harmony also has in upper, middle continental crust and greywackes. Positive anomalies in Rb, Th, Sm and negative anomalies in Ba are prominent in the composition of the crust. Based on the integration of these patterns with the pattern of upper continental crust (UCC) elements and greywackes and adaptation to laboratory work, the Geysour granitoid originated from crustal materials and a little mantle component. The temperature of granitoid formation was estimated based on the Zircon saturation temperature of 748-790 ֯C. Microgranular enclaves have rounded and oval shapes, mixed areole around them, fine grained texture, quartz and plagioclase eyes, bladed biotite, needled apatite, oxide phases in biotite, and the presence of a simple mixed – hyperbolic curve between MME and granodiorite. Field, petrography and geochemistry of the major and rare earth elements data suggest mixing/ mingling (partial melting) processes for the origin of enclaves and the rare earth elements patterns indicates the relationship between Geysour granitoid with the subduction system. Analysing its data, based on logarithmic ratios, show collision tectonic environment. Also, the tectonic-chemical distinctive diagrams suggest a syn-collision to post-collision tectonic type that is interpreted in connection with the collision of the Afghan Block with the Lut Block.
FARHAD ZALL; Zahra Tahmasbi; ahmad ahmadi khalaji; Shao Yang Jing; Leonid Danyushevsky3; chris harris
Abstract
Several distinct morphologies of tourmaline have been identified in Mashhad biotite-muscovite granite: nodule, pegmatite, aplite, quartz-tourmaline veins, tourmaline-rich veins and radial tourmalines. The δ18O and δD values in solar tourmaline (12.4 and -69 ‰), nodule tourmaline (11.8 ...
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Several distinct morphologies of tourmaline have been identified in Mashhad biotite-muscovite granite: nodule, pegmatite, aplite, quartz-tourmaline veins, tourmaline-rich veins and radial tourmalines. The δ18O and δD values in solar tourmaline (12.4 and -69 ‰), nodule tourmaline (11.8 and -63), quartz-tourmaline vein (11.7 and -57), pegmatite tourmaline (11.62-11.67 and -59 to -73), aplite tourmaline (11.39 and -57), tourmaline-rich vein (11.82 and -62) and mica schist tourmaline (11.06 and -77) with low changes are similar together. These values show same origin for tourmalines fluid source in biotite-muscovite granite. The difference in δ18O values between quartz and tourmaline (Δqtz-tur) are positive (between+2.0 and+2.2‰), and this show quartz and tourmaline are in equilibrium. The δ18O thermometry of tourmaline - quartz minerals show a range between 492°C and 579 °C for tourmaline crystallization. The calculated δ18O, and δD values of the initial fluid in equilibrium with tourmaline suggest a magmatic and primitive magmatic water of peraluminous granite source. All tourmalines show similar δ11B values (with a narrow range between −7.4 and −10.8‰). This indicates a same boron source for them that resulting during highly evolved magmatic differentiation. Based on the 11B values of tourmalines in Mashhad fall within the range reported for granite-related tourmaline and similar to the S-type source granites that derived by Continental crust. The δ11B values of tourmalines show the δ11B values of the magma of the biotite-muscovite granite.
mohsen chekani moghadam; Zahra Tahmasbi; Ahmad Ahmadi-khalaji
Abstract
Study area located on N to NW of Rabor city in Kerman province that belong to Uromieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Belt (UDMB). Most of rock lithology in this area including diorite, granodiorite and granite which have been exposed in volcanic sequences. Based on geochemical studies all of rocks in this area classified ...
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Study area located on N to NW of Rabor city in Kerman province that belong to Uromieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Belt (UDMB). Most of rock lithology in this area including diorite, granodiorite and granite which have been exposed in volcanic sequences. Based on geochemical studies all of rocks in this area classified in two groups: (1) some igneous rocks show adakitic affinity with high SiO2 (61.49–66.78 wt. %), Al2O3 (15.72–17.74 wt. %), Sr (374–602 ppm), Sr/Y (34–53), (La/Yb) N (8.35–16.88) and low Y values. (2) another rock group that distinguished in study area including various granitiods rocks with typical calc-alkaline characteristics that distinct from adakitic types such as: SiO2 (63.07–72.32 wt. %), lower Sr/Y (3.8–13.2) ratio and higher Y (21.7–31.6 ppm) and Yb (2.29–3.26 ppm) contents, and the lowest Sr (119–297 ppm) and (La/Yb)N (3.02–11.13) values relative to adakitic groups, with distinctly negative Eu [(Eu/Eu*)N= (ave. 0.49)] anomalies.The adakitic rocks most probably originated from thickened mafic lower crust (garnet amphibolite) with garnet+ rutile ± plagioclase as residual minerals in the source corresponding to depths of >50 km, and calc-alkaline rocks were probably generated in shallow depth than adakitic groups in mid-lower crust (dominant amphibolite) correlating to depths of
