M. H. Adabi; R. Abbasi; H. Ghalavand
Abstract
In this investigation Dariyan Formation with the age of Lower Cretaceous (Aptian- Albian) were studied for geochemical and sedimentology characteristics in the surface section at Kuh-e Siyah Anticline and subsurface section Sabzpushan well number 1. Based on petrographical studies 12 microfacies identified ...
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In this investigation Dariyan Formation with the age of Lower Cretaceous (Aptian- Albian) were studied for geochemical and sedimentology characteristics in the surface section at Kuh-e Siyah Anticline and subsurface section Sabzpushan well number 1. Based on petrographical studies 12 microfacies identified which are belonging to 5 facies belt, such as: intertidal, lagoon, shoal, shallow open marine and deep open marine. The observed facies patterns indicated a carbonate ramp depositional environment. Important diagenetic processes were observed in Dariyan Formation including cementation, physical and chemical compaction and replacement processes such as pyritization and silicification. Prosities in these sections are secondary, including vuggy, fracture and channel types. Major and minor elements and carbon and oxygen isotopes studies are indicated that aragonite was original carbonate mineralogy for this Formation. The plots of elemental values also are illustrated that mainly burial diagenetic processes have been affected this formation in semi- close to semi- open system. A temperature calculation based on the heaviest oxygen isotope value indicates that the very early, shallow burial temperature was around 28.5°C during Dariyan carbonate deposition.
E. Asadi Mehmandosti; B. Alizadeh; M. H. Adabi
Abstract
Marun Oilfield is one of the main Iranian Oilfield in Dezful Embayment, Zagros area which was studied geochemically in this paper. Forty three samples from different source and reservoir rocks include Garue, Gadvan, Dariyan, Kazhdumi, Sarvak, Gurpi and Pabdeh formations from different oil wells were ...
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Marun Oilfield is one of the main Iranian Oilfield in Dezful Embayment, Zagros area which was studied geochemically in this paper. Forty three samples from different source and reservoir rocks include Garue, Gadvan, Dariyan, Kazhdumi, Sarvak, Gurpi and Pabdeh formations from different oil wells were analyzed by Rock Eval VI. In addition, 23 selected extract bitumens and 6 crude oils of Bangestan and Khami reservoirs were studied by Liquid Chromatography and Gas Chromatography to compare with each other. Rock Eval data showed that Kazhdumi and Pabdeh formations with average TOC of 4.13 wt% and more than 12 mg HC/g rock amount of S2 had high hydrocarbon potential regard to other samples. HI vs. Tmax and S2 vs. TOC diagrams indicated that the Type II kerogen was the main type of kerogen in studied samples. Furthermore, Garue, Gadvan and Kazhdumi samples have high thermal maturity in compare with other samples. Also, variations of PI and Tmax versus depth indicate that Pabdeh and Gurpi samples had less thermal maturity in compare with Kazhdumi and Garue samples. Chromatograms study and variation of Pr/nC17 and Ph/nC18 indicate that studied samples have no or little evidence of biodegradation and crude oils of Bangestane and Khami reservoirs was formed in anoxic environment from the source rock with type II kerogen.
S. Shariati; S. A. Aghanabati; S. R. Mousavi Harami; S. Modabberi; M. H. Adabi
Abstract
Angouran Lead and Zinc Mining deposit is one of the biggest Lead and Zinc deposits of Middle East and one of five great mines of Iran according to the article of categorization of the mines of Iran. In addition to the diverse metal and non-metal mines, there are many industries and factories in this ...
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Angouran Lead and Zinc Mining deposit is one of the biggest Lead and Zinc deposits of Middle East and one of five great mines of Iran according to the article of categorization of the mines of Iran. In addition to the diverse metal and non-metal mines, there are many industries and factories in this region which most of them were active and are as conversion industries of Zinc soil into the Concentrate or as factoring of Lead and Zinc Bar. The realized studies demonstrate that due to activation of existent industries in that region, the rate of some elements are in unusual level and show some fundamental environmental abnormalities. The environment of the region is mostly influenced by the accumulation of wastes and residues dispossessed as cake in the borders of the rivers and canals and open lands. These Cakes which as a matter of fact are the residues of proceeding of the flotation and melting the Lead and Zinc and the process of Concentrate factoring, may have lost the great amount of their Lead and Zinc in the industrial point of view, but as an environment view, those have a lot of Lead and Zinc many times more than allowed limits which are potentially toxic. At the other hand, by reduction of these elements, the densities of other elements are increasing. This means intensive effects which in this paper are going to be surveyed. The rates of these elements in some samples are reported exceeding to 10,000 ppm Lead and Zinc and Nickel and also 8,000 ppm Arsenic and 4,000 Cadmium. The studies also demonstrate that waste pool or the pools of residues are one of the most fundamental causes of dangers for the environment of the region. The rate of 200,000 ppm of Zinc and sometimes 2000 ppm of Lead and 20,000 ppm Nickel, also tha rate of some hundreds ppm of arsenic and even 200,000 ppm of Cadmium in the water and water deposits of the region are some of those dangers. The most of these abnormalities are seen in the sediments and water of the region, however the agricultural grounds are also influenced by these pollutions and are included some major abnormalities in term of the environment. This paper will exclusively review the allowed rate of the elements of Lead, Zinc, Cadmium, and Arsenic and survey the principal manners of access of these elements to the environment of region and also try to present some solution for the control and reduction of these rates.
A. Mahanipour; A. Kani; M. H. Adabi; S. N. Raisossadat
Abstract
The Lower Cretaceous sedimentary succession of western Kopet Dagh Basin (Sarcheshmeh and Sanganeh formations) was investigated. Taking into account the considerable thickness of the studied section (1668 m) and the possibility of recording all the important events, determination of calcareous nannofossil ...
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The Lower Cretaceous sedimentary succession of western Kopet Dagh Basin (Sarcheshmeh and Sanganeh formations) was investigated. Taking into account the considerable thickness of the studied section (1668 m) and the possibility of recording all the important events, determination of calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy was put on the agenda. This resulted in recognition of NC5, NC6 and NC7A nannofossil zones. Accordingly the age of the Sarcheshmeh Formation within the studied section is determined as Late Barremian- Early Aptian while the age of the Sanganeh Formation is late Early Aptian- early Late Aptian. The calcareous nannofossil assemblage of Sarcheshmeh and Sanganeh Formations has a Tethyan affinity with abundant warm-water varieties such as Rhagodiscus spp. and Nannoconus spp. while the cold-water species like Repagulumparvidentatum and Seribiscutum spp. are rare.
S. H. Hejazi; M. H. Adabi; S. R. Moussavi Harami
Abstract
The Givetian-Frasnian sandstones in the Kuh-e-Tizi section (25 km NE Kerman), unconformably overlie the Upper Cambrian Kuhbanan and underlie the Lower Carboniferous Hutk Formations respectively, in southeastern Central Iran. Petrographical data show that these sandstones are well-sorted, sub-angular ...
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The Givetian-Frasnian sandstones in the Kuh-e-Tizi section (25 km NE Kerman), unconformably overlie the Upper Cambrian Kuhbanan and underlie the Lower Carboniferous Hutk Formations respectively, in southeastern Central Iran. Petrographical data show that these sandstones are well-sorted, sub-angular to rounded quartzarenite. Diagenetic features include physical and chemical compactions (straight, concavo-convex, sutured grain contacts and pressure solution of quartz grain), reduction of the pore space through rearrangements and cementation (mostly silica, as quartz overgrowth). The provenance and tectonic setting of these sandstones have been interpreted using integrated petrographic and geochemical data. Petrographic analysis using standard methods revealed that mono and poly-crystalline quartz grains have been derived from plutonic rocks of an interior cratonic setting. Trace element analyses and their ratios used for provenance studies (Th/Sc and La/Sc) are similar to sediments derived from weathering of mostly felsic rocks. Values representing chemical index of alteration (CIA) and the plagioclase index of alteration (PIA) range from 44.24 to 83.43, with an average of 69.96, and from 42.98 to 92.56, with an average of 75.8, respectively. However, most samples have values greater than 60, suggesting moderate to high weathering in the source area or during transportation prior to find deposition. Major and trace element concentrations indicated a depositional setting in a passive continental margin.