Hydrology
Mohamad Hosein Mahmudy Gharaie; Najmeh Rokhashmah; Asadollah Mahboubi; Seyed Reza Moussavi Harami
Abstract
The aims of this study are water quality assessment for drinking and industrial usages with refer to affective factors on water chemistry in North of Quchan plain, Razavi Khorasan province. 17 groundwater samples were collected for major cations (Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, K+) and anions (HCO3-, SO42-, Cl-) analysis. ...
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The aims of this study are water quality assessment for drinking and industrial usages with refer to affective factors on water chemistry in North of Quchan plain, Razavi Khorasan province. 17 groundwater samples were collected for major cations (Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, K+) and anions (HCO3-, SO42-, Cl-) analysis. According to Piper diagram, chemical composition of water samples is 29.4% Ca-SO4, 23.5% Na-SO4, 23.5% Mg-SO4, 11.8% Na-HCO3 and 5.8% Mg-HCO3. Based on Gibbs diagram, the main controlling process of the water composition is mainly water-rock interactions (weathering), rather than evaporation and precipitation. Schoeller diagram shows that most of water samples are categorized in moderate and acceptable classes. Also, based on water quality index (WQI), 70.59 % water samples are suitable for drinking usage. Increasing in SO42- concentration reduced the water quality for drinking purposes. Langelier index (LSI) shows 82.35 % water samples are scale forming and 17.65 % are corrosive. Scale forming of the water are due to high TH induced by carbonate dissolution (of Mozdouran and Tirgan Formations). In addition, corrosive property of some water samples is due to gypsum dissolution (from Shoorigeh Formation) and increasing of sulfate concentration in the groundwater.
Hydrology
Shahrokh Norallahi; A. Asghari Moghaddam; Fijani Elham; Rahim Barzegar
Abstract
In recent decades, due to growth of population and qancequently increasing demand for drinking, agriculture and industry purposes has led to consider the groundwater as the most important resource of water in the area. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of the groundwater in the ...
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In recent decades, due to growth of population and qancequently increasing demand for drinking, agriculture and industry purposes has led to consider the groundwater as the most important resource of water in the area. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of the groundwater in the area, along with its quantity. The objectives of this study are to investigate the possible origin of some heavy metals in the groundwater of Mashgin-Shahr plain using multivariate statistical methods including cluster analysis and factor analysis along with correlation coefficient as well as identification of factors affecting groundwater quality in the area. For this purpose, 25 groundwater samples were collected in October 2016, and measured with respect to pH, electrical conductivity, major (calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, sulfate, carbonate, and bicarbonate) and minor (nitrate, fluoride and silica) ions and some heavy metals/metalloid such as iron, manganese, aluminum, zinc, chromium, copper, cadmium, lead and arsenic. The analyzes show that processes such as weathering and dissolution of evaporatic and silicate formations, ion exchange and agricultural activities are effective on the groundwater quality of the area. The results of multivariate analysis show that most of the heavy are originated from volcanic formations in the area and salinity and acidity play an important role in releasing them into the groundwater. Factor analysis indicates that geogenic processes with a total of 79.9 % of variance and anthropogenic factors with a total of 6.6 % of variance control the groundwater chemistry.
S Bahrami; E Raese
Abstract
The Karstic Asmari & Jahrom Formations extensively outcrop in the Darab city region. The current Darab landfill site is located on sandy gravel alluvium, a few meters above the karstic Asmari Formation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the landfill on groundwater quality. ...
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The Karstic Asmari & Jahrom Formations extensively outcrop in the Darab city region. The current Darab landfill site is located on sandy gravel alluvium, a few meters above the karstic Asmari Formation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the landfill on groundwater quality. Ten karstic and alluvial exploitation wells and downstream of the landfill site were sampled to measure the concentrations of major ions, nitrates, heavy metals, trace elements, total coliform and fecal coliform. The major ions and nitrate concentrations are below the EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCL). The fecal coliform exceeds the EPA MCL in most of the wells. There is no contaminant source to justify the high levels of fecal coliform in the exploitation wells. Fecal coliform is naturally present in the soil based on recent researches. The concentrations of Sb and Se are more than the EPA and WHO MCL in some of the wells. The source of these contaminants is not the Darab landfill, because no general flow direction and concentration trends are observed from the landsite towards the contaminated wells. In addition, there is no anthropogenic source of these elements in the study area. The sources of Sb and Se are most probably geogenic from limestone and shale. The volume of aquifer dynamic storage has been significantly reduced due to overexploitation and drought. Therefore, Sb and Se were dissolved in ever-decreasing volumes of water, and consequently, their concentrations increased.
M Nakhaei; M Vadiati; KH Mohammadi
Abstract
In the last few years, saline water intrusion in the Urmia aquifer has deteriorated groundwater quality. As a result of irremediable environmental impacts and deterioration of aquifer conditions, study on groundwater vulnerability due to saline water intrusion is very serious. This study focuses on the ...
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In the last few years, saline water intrusion in the Urmia aquifer has deteriorated groundwater quality. As a result of irremediable environmental impacts and deterioration of aquifer conditions, study on groundwater vulnerability due to saline water intrusion is very serious. This study focuses on the application of the new method, GALDIT, for the assessment of aquifer vulnerability due to saline water intrusion in the Urmia Lake. The computing of the GALDIT index is based on six parameters:Groundwater occurrence (G), Aquifer hydraulic conductivity (A), High groundwater Level above sea level (L), Distance from shore (D), Impact of existing amplitude and extensive of saline water intrusion (I), and Thickness of aquifer (T). The results of this study showed GALDIT indices were very high, high, moderate, and low in the northeast, southeast, north, and low in east of the aquifer, respectively.The GALDIT approach assists to managers for evaluation of aquifer conditions.
