Stratigraphy and Palaeontology
Nasrollah Abbassi; Majid Mirzaie Ataabadi; Mohammad Hasanpour
Abstract
A stratigraphic section from the upper part of Ziveh Formation (Middle Miocene) has been surveyed in north Ojagh Kandi village, northeast Kalibar, Azarbaijan province. Ziveh Formation overlayed by Tortonian sediments as an angular unconformity in the studied section and its lower boundary covered by ...
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A stratigraphic section from the upper part of Ziveh Formation (Middle Miocene) has been surveyed in north Ojagh Kandi village, northeast Kalibar, Azarbaijan province. Ziveh Formation overlayed by Tortonian sediments as an angular unconformity in the studied section and its lower boundary covered by recent alluvium. A diverse body fossil assemblage includes molluscan, plants, and vertebrate collected from this section. Among them, abundant ichnofossils of bivalves on woodground, Teredolites longissimus discovered in a horizon. Occurrence of wooden substrate in this horizon shows first events of rising of the sea level, and its basal background is considerable for the lower boundary for TST. On the other hand, Teredolites bearing horizon indicates beginig of transgressive event in the sequence stratigraphic interpretation of the studied section.
N Abbassi; M Parvanehnezhad Shirazi; M.A Hosseinzadeh
Abstract
Albian–Cenomanian siliciclastic-carbonate sediments of northwest Rayen in south Kerman, southeast Iran (526 m) are classifiable to three informal units. Unit one includes conglomerates, sandstones and siltstones with limestone and marl intercalations. Unit two is composed of Orbitolina bearing ...
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Albian–Cenomanian siliciclastic-carbonate sediments of northwest Rayen in south Kerman, southeast Iran (526 m) are classifiable to three informal units. Unit one includes conglomerates, sandstones and siltstones with limestone and marl intercalations. Unit two is composed of Orbitolina bearing limestones with rudists, belemnoid and ammonite bioclasts. Alternations of pelagic limestones and sandstones formed the third unit. Assemblage of continental to marine trace fossils have been found in the first and third units of the studied section, that include Koilosoma isp., Ophiomorpha isp., Palaeophycus isp., Planolites isp., Skolithos isp., Taenidium isp., and Thalassinoides suevicus. These trace fossils belongs to Scoyenia, Skolithos and Cruziana ichnofacies. Abundant Thalassinoides-Phycodes compound trace fossil, however have been found in the third unit. Box-worked Thalassinoides burrow system ends to multi- branched Phycodes borrows. This compound trace fossil is interpreted as feeding-domicile biogenic structure, so that Thalassinoides domichnium ends to Phycodes excavated feeding burrows. Compound Thalassinoides-Phycodes trace fossil extended in the deeper parts of offshore shelf sediments in the studied section. Based on ichnological data, it seems that Albian–Cenomanian sediments of northwest Rayen deposited in a deepening upward sequence.
S. R. Moussavi-Harami; Y. Nasiri; A. Mahboubi; A. Bayetgoll
Abstract
Amiran Formation (Paleocene) in Lorestan, folded Zagros zone, contains a diverse and exceptionally well preserved ichnofauna. A quantitative study of trace fossil in the Paleocene deep-marine clastic systems, this Formation, shows that they are powerful discriminators of submarine fan and related environments. ...
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Amiran Formation (Paleocene) in Lorestan, folded Zagros zone, contains a diverse and exceptionally well preserved ichnofauna. A quantitative study of trace fossil in the Paleocene deep-marine clastic systems, this Formation, shows that they are powerful discriminators of submarine fan and related environments. The host lithologies are conglomerates, sandstones, siltstones and mudstones. These sediments are interpreted to be deposits in upper to lower-fan palaeoenvironment. Channel deposits consist of thick-bedd turbidite and interchannel deposits are interpreted to be deposited by unconfined debris flows and high concentration turbidity currents. The ichnofauna with high diversity is most frequently, and best, preserved within the Tcde interval of turbidities, which are interpreted as interchannel deposits, produced by low concentration turbidity flows. On the basis of trace fossil diversity, ichnotaxonomic composition, ethology, and morphologic complexity, trace fossils assemblage were grouped into pre-depositional or post-depositional forms. The predepositional assemblage is rich in graphoglyptids and grazing trails, and feeding structures. The ichnodiversity, ethology, and morphologic complexity of the predepositional association are indicative of the Nereites ichnofacies. The postdepositional association essentially consists of dwelling and feeding traces. The post-depositional association includes elements of the Skolithos ichnofacies. Overall characteristics of trace fossils suggest that from the proximal to the distal environment of Amiran Formation, proportions of domichnia trace-fossil assemblages decreases while agrichnia, fodinichnia and pascichnia increases.
