Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

1 M.Sc., School of Earth Sciences, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, School of Earth Sciences, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran

Abstract

The Gurpi formation in Bishe-deraz Section, south of Ilam, consists of 201m marl with intercalations of limy marl with two formal members of Seymareh (Lopha) and Emam-Hasan. The formation overlies the Ilam Formation and is gradationally overlain by the purple shales of the basal part of the Pabdeh Formation. The Gurpi Formation was divided to 9 biozone on the basis of planktonic foraminifera which almost are cosmopolitan and consist of: 1- Radotruncana calcarata Taxon-Range Zone. 2- Globotruncanita stuartiformis Partial-Range Zone. 3- Globotruncana aegyptiaca Interval Zone.  4-Gansserina gansseri Interval Zone. 5- Contusotruncana contusa Interval Zone. 6- Abathomphalus mayaroensis Interval Zone. 7- Praemurica uncinata Interval Zone. 8- Morozovella angulata Interval Zone.  9- Globanomalina pseudomenardii Interval Zone. The formation was deposited from upper Campanian through late Paleocene (Selandian-Thanetian?) according to the planktonic foraminifera recorded. A distinct hiatus was confirmed at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary according to microbiostratigraphic and sedimentologic studies and also field work observation.

Keywords

Main Subjects

 
Al-Mutwali, M. M., Al-Banna, N. Y. and Al-Ghrear, J. S., 2008- Microfacies and sequence stratigraphy of the Late Campanian Bekhme Formation in the Dohuk area, north Iraq; Geo Arabia 13:39-54.
Berggren, W. A., 1969- Rates of evolution in some Cenozoic planktonic foraminifera. Micropaleontology 15:351-365.
Berggren, W. A. and Miller, K.G., 1988- Paleocene tropical planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and magnetobiochronology; Micropaleontology 34:362-380.
Berggren, W. A. and Norris, R. D., 1997- Biostratigraphy, phylogeny and systematic of Paleocene trochospiral planktic foraminifera: Micropaleontology 43, Supplement 1, 116p.
Berggren, W. A. and Pearson P. N., 2005- A revised tropical to subtropical Paleogene planktonic foraminiferal zonation; The Journal of Foraminiferal Research 35:279-298.
Berggren, W. A., Kent, D. V., Swisher, C. C. and Aubrey. M. P., 1995- A revised Cenozoic geochronology and chronostratigraphy, in Berggren, W. A., Kent, D. V., Swisher, C. C., III, Aubry, M.-P. and Hardenbol, J., (eds.), Geochronology, Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation: SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) Special Publication 54:129-212.
Blow, W. H., 1979- The Cenozoic Globrgennrdae. E.J. Bnll,Leiden, The Netherlands, 3 voles, 1413~.p.
Bolli, H. M., 1957- Planktonic foraminifera from the Eocene Navet Formation and San Fernando Formations in Trinidad, B.W.I., in: Loeblich, A. R. Jr., and collaborators (eds.), Studies in Foraminifera: Bulletin of the United States National Museum 215:155-172.
Bukry, D., 1973- Low-latitude biostratigraphic zonation: Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 15:685-703.
Bukry, D., 1975- Coccolith and silicoflagellate stratigraphy, northwestern Pacific Ocean, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 32: Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 32:677-701.
Caron, M., 1978- Cretaceous planktonic foraminifers from DSDP Leg 40, Southeastern Atlantic Ocean. Initial Reports of Deep Sea Drilling Project, 40:651-678.
Caron, M., 1985- Cretaceous planktic foraminifera; In: Bolli, H.M., Saunders, J.B., & Perch-Nielsen, K. (eds.). Plankton Stratigraphy; Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 11-86.
Chacon, B., Martin- Chivelet, J. and Grafe, K.U., 2004- Latest Santonian to latest Maastrichtian planktic foraminifera and biostratigraphy of the hemipelagic successions of the Prebetic Zone (Murcia and Alicante provinces, south-east Spain). Cretaceous Research 25:585-601.
Chungkham, P. and Jafar, S. A., 1998- Late Cretaceous (Santonian-Maastrichtian) Integrated Coccolith-Globotruncanid Biostratigraphy of Pelagic Limestones from the Accretionary Prism of Manipur, Northeastern India; Micropaleontology 44:69-83.
Darvishzad, B., Ghasemi-Nejad, E., Ghourchaei, S. and Keller, G., 2007- Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy and Faunal Turnover across the Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary in Southwestern Iran. Journal of Sciences, I. R. Iran 18(2):139-149.
Georgescu, M. D. and Huber, B. T., 2007- Taxonomic revision of the late Campanian-Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) planktonic foraminiferal genus Rugotruncana Brönnimann and Brown, 1956, and A new paleontological species concept for planktonic foraminifera: Journal of Foraminiferal Research 37:150-159.
Gradstein, F. M., Ogg, J. G., Smith, A. G. (with numerous contributors), 2004- Geologic time scale; Cambridge Univ. Press, 500pp.
Hardenbol, J., Thierry, J., Farley, M. B., Jacquin, Th., de Graciansky, P. C. and Vail, P. R. (with numerous contributors), 1998- Mesozoic and Cenozoic sequence chronostratigraphic framework of European basins; in: De Graciansky, P. C., Hardenbol, J., Jacquin, Th., Vail, P. R. and Farley, M. B., (eds.). Mesozoic and Cenozoic Sequence Stratigraphy of European Basins, SEPM Special Publication 60.
Herm, D., 1962- stratigraphic and micropalontological examinations of the upper alley in the pedestrian and non-native (Gosaubecken von Reichenhall und Salzburg). Abhandlungen der Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematische-naturwissenschaftlich Class Vol.104: 1-119
James, G. A. and Wynd, J. G., 1965- Stratigraphic nomenclature of the Iranian oil consortium agreement area. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 49:2182-2245
Li, L. and Keller, G., 1998a- Maastrichtian climate, productivity and faunal turnovers in planktic foraminifera in South Atlantic DSDP Sites 525 and 21. Marine Micropaleontology 33:55-86.
Li, L. and Keller, G., 1998b- Maastrichtian diversification of planktic foraminifera at El Kef and Elles, Tunisia. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 91:75-102.
Li, L., Keller, G. and Stinnesbeck, W., 1999- The Late Campanian and Maastrichtian in northwestern Tunisia: Paleoenvironmental inferences from lithology, macrofauna and benthic foraminifera. Cretaceous Research 20:231-252.
Lirer, F., 2000- A new technique for retrieving calcareous microfossils from lithified lime deposits; Micropaleontology 46:365–369.
Loeblich, A. R. and Tappan, H., 1987- Foraminiferal Genera and Their Classification; Van Nostrand-Reinhold, New York; 1182 pp.
MacLeod, N. and Keller, G., 1991- Hiatus distributions and mass extinctions at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary; Geology 19:497-501.
Martini, E., 1971- Standard Tertiary and Quarternary Calcareous nannoplankton zonation, in Farinacci, A. (ed.), Proceedings of the 2nd Planktonic Conference, Roma, (1970) : Tecnoscienza, 739-785.
Nederbragt, A., 1991- Late Cretaceous biostratigraphy and development of Heterohelicidae (planktic foraminifera). Micropaleontology 37:329-372.
Nishi, H., Takashima, R., Hatsugai, T., Saito, T., Moriya, K., Ennyu, A. and Sakai, T., 2003- Planktonic foraminiferal zonation in the Cretaceous Yezo Group, Central Hokkaido, Japan; Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 21:867-886.
Ogg, J.G., Ogg, G. and F. M. Gradstein, 2008- The Concise Geologic Time scale. Cambridge University Press, 150 pp.
Olsson, R. K., Hemleben, C., Berggren, W. A. and Huber, B. T., 1999- Atlas of Paleocene Planktonic Foraminifera; Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 85: 255 p.
Petrizzo, M. R., 2003- Late Cretaceous planktonic foraminiferal bioevents in the Tethys and in the Southern ocean record: an overview; Journal of Foraminiferal Research 23:330-337.
Postuma, J. A., 1971- Manual of Planktonic Foraminifera; Elsevier, Amsterdam, London 397 pp.
Premoli Silva, I. and Bolli, H. M., 1973- Late Cretaceous to Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera and Stratigraphy of Leg 15 Sites in the Caribbean Sea. Deep Sea Drilling Project Reports and Publication, 15, 499-547.
Premoli Silva, I. and Sliter, W. V., 1995- Cretaceous planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and evolutionary trends from the Bottaccione Section, Gubbio, Italy. Palaeontographica Italiana 82:2-90. [another citation says 1994].
Premoli Silva, I. and Verga, D., 2004- Practical Manual of Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminifera, course 3, in: Verga, D., & Rettori, R. (eds.), International School on Planktonic Foraminifera: Universities of Perugia and Milano, Tipografiadi di Pontefelcino, Perugia, Italy, 283 p.
Robaszynski, F. and Caron, M., 1995- Foraminiferes planctoniques du Cretace: Commentaire de la zonation Europe-Mediterrane. Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France 166:681-692.
Robaszynski, F., Caron, M., Gonzales Donoso, J. M. and Wonders, A. A. H., 1984- Atlas of Late Cretaceous Globotruncanids; Revue de Micropaléontologie 26, 145-305.
Taylor, A., Goldring, R. and Gowland, S., 2003- Analysis and application of ichnofabrics. Earth Science Reviews 60, 227–259.
Zarei, E., Ghasemi-Nejad, E., 2013- Sequence stratigraphy of the Gurpi Formation (Campanian – Maastrichtian) in Southwest of Zagros, Iran based on palynomorphs and foraminifera. Arabian journal and Geoscience, (under revision).