نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم زمین، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران
2 سازمان زمین شناسی غرب کشور، سنندج، ایران
چکیده
غار کرفتو، 67 کیلومتری شمال باختری شهرستان دیواندره در استان کردستان، شامل 4 طبقه است. کف طبقه دوم آن، در تالار خفاش ها، با نهشته های ستبری از گوانو پوشیده شده است. آنالیز SEM-EDX نمونه های گوانو گویای حضور کانی های ثانویه سولفاته (ژیپس، سسنایت)، فسفاته (فسفامیت، بروشیت، تاناراکیت، فرانکوانلیت، وایتلوکیت، لئوکوفسفیت، اسفنیسیدیت، پیروکپروئیت)، و نیتراته (اوره، نیتر)، همراه با میکروارگانیسم ها و کیتین است. وجود این کانی های متفاوت ناشی از تغییر pH (از اسیدی تا قلیایی) و رطوبت (مرطوب و خشک) در حضور میکروارگانیسم ها است. نهشته‌های گوانوی غار کرفتو، به ترتیب از پایین به بالا، در سه شرایط خشک، مرطوب و خشک تشکیل شده‌اند. مقایسه توزیع کانی‌های ثانویه با الگوی تغییرات بی‌هنجاری سریم در طول پروفیل گویای تشکیل کانی تاراناکیت فقط در شرایط مرطوب، و تشکیل کانی‌های وایتلوکیت، اوره، نیتر و سسنایت فقط در شرایط خشک است. بنابراین، آنها می‌توانند کانی‌های شاخص شرایط آب و هوایی باشند ولی کانی‌های دیگر چون در هر دو شرایط مرطوب و خشک تشکیل شده‌اند، نمی‌توانند چنین باشند. واکنش میان محلول تراوشی از گوانو و حرکت محلول از داخل سنگ بستر منجر به فسفاتی شدن و دولومیتی شدن سنگ بستر شده است. فراوانی کیتین در نهشته های گوانوی غار کرفتو نشان می دهد که گوانوها مدفوع خفاش های حشره‌خوار هستند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
امین‌رسولی، ه.، حقیقت‌جو، ن. و مرادی، م.، 1400، ژئوشیمی و سن سنجی 14C نهشته های گوانوی غار کرفتو، دیواندره، استان کردستان. فصلنامه علوم زمین. DOI: 10.22071/GSJ.2020.220928.1762.
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خلقی خسرقی، م. ح.، 1378، نقشه زمین شناسی 100000: 1 چاپان (ایرانخواه). انتشارات سازمان زمین شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور.
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