نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
2 گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
3 دانشکده زمین‌شناسی، پردیس علوم، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
سامانه گسلی فغان، با طولی بالغ بر 180 کیلومتر، متشکل از پهنه‌ای از گسل‌ها و با راستای تقریباً خاوری- باختری در مرز شمالی بلوک لوت و جنوب گسل دورونه قرار دارد. اثر عملکرد این سامانه گسلی ضمن برونزد واحدهای سنگی پالئوزوییک و مزوزوییک، موجب قطع و جابه‌جایی واحدهای کنگلومرایی- ماسه‌سنگی نئوژن و آبرفت‌های کواترنری نیز شده است. با توجه به جایگاه زمین‌ساختی سامانه گسلی فغان، تحلیل دقیق سازوکار و موقعیت محورهای تنش برآورد شده عامل گسل‌خوردگی آن داده‌های مناسب بر جنبش‌شناختی سنوزوییک پسین بلوک لوت را ارائه می‌نماید. نتایج به‌دست آمده از چنین تحلیلی در این مطالعه نشان می‌دهد که این سامانه از پهنه‌ای از گسل‌های اصلی با سازوکار غالب راستالغز راست‌بر با روند خاوری- باختری و گسله‌های کوچک‌تر چپ‌بر، راست‌بر و شیب لغز به‌صورت گسل‌های ریدل تشکیل شده است. بر همین اساس سامانه گسلی فغان و به عنوان یکی از پهنه‌های گسلی بنیادین در شمال بلوک لوت در بازه زمانی سنوزوییک پسین همانند پهنه گسلی کوه سرهنگی، موجب تقسیم‌شدگی دگرریختی بلوک لوت شده است. در نتیجه سامانه راستالغز راست‌بر گسل فغان ضمن جدا کردن ریزبلوک‌های بردسکن- کاشمر و گناباد از یکدیگر، موجب انتقال دگرریختی مابین بلوک اصلی لوت و ریزبلوک‌های حاشیه‌ای شمالی آن به‌صورت فرار درون ورقی شده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
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واعظی‌پور، م.ج.، علوی تهرانی، ن.، بهروزی، الف.، خلقی، م. ح. و علوی‌نایینی، م.، 1370، نقشه زمین‌شناسی 1:250.000 تربت حیدریه، سازمان زمین‌شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور.
بهروزی، ا. و علوی‌نائینی، م.، 1366، نقشه 1:100000 فیض‌آباد، سازمان زمین‌شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور.
زارع، م.، 1379، تحلیل لرزه‌زمین‌ساختی سیستم گسله دورونه و بررسی زلزله‌های، کاشمر، پژوهشگاه بین‌المللی زلزله، پژوهشنامه 1379 /1/4.
نوزعیم، ر.، 1391، تحلیل دگرریختی گستره کوه سرهنگی در شمال باختر بلوک لوت، رساله دکتری، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، 300 ص.
نوزعیم، ر.، 1392، نگرشی نو بر جایگاه مرزهای بلوک لوت در بخش شمالی و معرفی ریزبلوک‌های بردسکن کاشمر و گنـاباد، دومین همایش ملی زمین‌سـاخت، سازمان زمین‌شـناسی و اکتشافـات معدنی کشور، تهران.
واعظی‌پور، م.ج.، علوی تهرانی، ن.، بهروزی، الف.، خلقی، م. ح. و علوی‌نایینی، م.، 1370، نقشه زمین‌شناسی 1:250.000 تربت حیدریه، سازمان زمین‌شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور.
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Deng, Q., Wu, D., Zhang, P., and Chen, S., 1986. Structure and deformational character of trike-slip fault zones. Pure and Applied Geophysics 124, 203–223. doi:10.1007/BF00875726.
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Calzolari, G., Della Seta, M., Rossetti, F., Nozaem, R., Vignaroli, G., Cosentino, D., and Faccenna, C., 2016. Geomorphic signal of active faulting at the northern edge of Lut Block: Insights on the kinematic scenario of Central Iran. Tectonics, 35(1), 76-102. doi:10.1002/2015TC003869.
Calzolari, G., Rossetti, F., Ault, A. K., Lucci, F., Olivetti, V., and Nozaem, R., 2018. Hematite (U-Th)/He thermochronometry constrains intraplate strike-slip faulting on the Kuh-e-Faghan Fault, central Iran. Tectonophysics, 728, 41-54. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2018.01.023.
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Deng, Q., and Zhang, P., 1984. Research on the geometry of shear fracture zones. Journal of Geophysical Research 89, 5699–5710. doi:10.1029/JB089iB07p05699.
Deng, Q., Wu, D., Zhang, P., and Chen, S., 1986. Structure and deformational character of trike-slip fault zones. Pure and Applied Geophysics 124, 203–223. doi:10.1007/BF00875726.
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Faulkner, D.R., Lewis, A.C., and Rutter, E.H., 2003. On the internal structure and mechanics of large strike-slip fault zones: field observations of the Carboneras fault in southeastern Spain. Tectonophysics 367, 235–251. doi:10.1016/S0040-1951(03)00134-3.
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Holdsworth, R.E., and Pinheiro, R.V.L., 2000. The anatomy of shallow crustal transpressional structures: insights from the Archaean Carajas Fault Zone, Amazon, Brazil. Journal of Structural Geology 22, 1105–1123. doi:10.1016/S0191-8141(00)00036-5.
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Kim, Y-S., Peacock, D.C.P., and Sanderson, D.J., 2004. Fault damage zones. Journal of Structural Geology 26, 503–517. doi:10.1016/j.jsg.2003.08.002.
Li, J.W., Zhou, M.F., Li, X.F., Fu, Z.R., and Li, Z.J., 2001. The Hunan-Jangxi strike-slip fault system in southern China: southern termination of the Tan-Lu fault. Journal of Geodynamics 32, 333–354. doi:10.1016/S0264-3707(01)00033-3.
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Madanipour, S., Ehlers, T.A., Yassaghi, A., Rezaeian, M., Enkelmann, E., and Bahroudi, A., 2013. Synchronous deformation on orogenic plateau margins: insights from the Arabia–Eurasia collision. Tectonophysics 608, 440–451. doi: 10.1016/ j.tecto.2013.09.003.
Mandl, G., 2000. Faulting in Brittle Rocks. An Introduction to the Mechanics of Tectonic Faults. Springer, Berlin. 434pp.
Marret, R., and Allmendinger, R. W., 1990, Kinematic analysis of fault slip data, J. Struct. Geol., 12, 973-986. doi:10.1016/0191-8141(90)90093-E.
Mattei, M., Cifelli, F., Muttoni, G., Zanchi, A., Berra, F., Mossavvari, F., and Eshraghi, S. A., 2012. Neogene block rotation in central Iran: Evidence from paleomagnetic data: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 124, no. 5-6, p. 943-956 doi:10.1130/B30479.1.
McGrath, A.G., and Davison, I., 1995. Damage zone geometry around fault tips. Journal of Structural Geology 17, 1011–1024. doi:10.1016/0191-8141(94)00116-H.
Naimi-Ghassabian, N., Khatib, M. M., Nazari, H., and Heyhat, M. R., 2015. Present-day tectonic regime and stress patterns from the formal inversion of focal mechanism data, in the North of Central–East Iran Blocks". Journal of African Earth Sciences, 111, 113-126. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2015.07.018.
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