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Mineralogy, texture and structure and genetic model of Kahak Manto-type copper deposit in the Eocene volcano-sedimentary sequence, south Qom

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Economic Geology,Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Economic Geology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The Kahak copper deposit occurs in the Eocene volcano-sedimentary sequence of Qom region, Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc. The oldest rock unit in this sequence is a crystal tuff, overlain by tuff, andesite, sandstone, conglomerate, and limestone. Host rocks to the Kahak deposit include andesite and tuff, and the geometry of mineralization is stratabound. Mineralographical studies show that the ore minerals are pyrite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite, native copper, bornite, galena, covellite, digenite, and malachite accompanied by magnetite, and hematite. Based on mineralogical studies, two types of alteration are recognized in the volcanic rocks of the area, general alteration, and ore mineral alteration. The propylitic alteration is an indication of general alteration. The main alteration types in the mineralized zone of the deposit include carbonatization, silicification, chloritization, epidotization, and zeolitic. Dissemination, open space filling, vein-veinlet, pseudo-lamination, and replacement are the major textures and structures of the ore minerals at Kahak. Two major stages are distinguished for mineralization at the Kahak deposit. The first stage is volcanism and pyrite formation in the host rocks (andesite and tuff), producing reduction state. The second stage involves diagenesis and entering Cu-rich oxidant fluids replacing Cu for Fe in the pyrite and forming Cu-sulfides and hematite and mineralization. The Kahak copper deposit shows high similarities in geometry, host rock, mineralogy, texture and structure and genetic model with the Manto-type copper deposits worldwide.

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References
 
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Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Volume 29, Issue 113 - Serial Number 113
Serial Number 113, Volume 29, Autumn 2019
November 2019
Pages 145-154
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