Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences

Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences

New Age and Paleogeographical history redetermination of the Sardar Conglomerate (Tabas, Eastern Iran) Based on conodont species, comparison of New Chronological framework to the Age of the upper Paleozoic Sediments at praprotno, Slovenia

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Author
Mehdi Yazdi
Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
The conodonts species collected from Sardar conglomerate pebbles using acid leaching procedure have shown that the depositional time of Sardar conglomerate is at list post- Namurian. The age of Sardar conglomerate is controversial e.g., Stocklin et al., 1965, 1991 (Early Carboniferous) Husseini, 1992 (Late Carboniferous). In order to have more precise age control over the time of its deposition, 5 limestone clasts (pebbles) from the Niaz section at Kale Sardar were acid- leached for conodonts. Faunas from the clasts give 4 different ages: Late triangularis zone or Early crepida zone (Famennian), typicus zone, anchoralis- latus zone (Tournaisian) and sinuatus- corrugatus- sulcatus zone (Namurian). From this data alone, the Sardar conglomerate must have been deposited sometime after the sinuatus- corrugatus- sulcatus zone or at the end of Namurian (Early Westphalian).
Kolar-Jurkovsek and Jurkovsek (1994) concluded that, conodont species collected from acid- leached samples of the Upper Paleozoic sediments (pebbles) at Praprotno, Slovenia have different ages from Frasnian to Visean- Namurian. The similarity between conodont species and depositional history of Sardar conglomerate (Shotori Range, Eastern Iran) and Upper Paleozoic sediments at Praprotno, Slovenia is very important for paleogeographical interpretation. Paleontological evidence and Paleogeographical history of these two localities suggest that, the Sardar conglomerate and Upper Paleozoic sediments at Praprotno must have been deposited within the Westphalian or sometime later.
The result of this investigation confirms that, the erosion rate in several parts of Iran was variable in different areas. Thus, the different ages of eroded zones, suggests that, erosion and redeposition of sediments was completed before transgression of Permian system. This pre- Permian siliciclastic erosion has been reported from different areas, for example in Jam (Semnan- Damghan) by Alavi- Naini (1972). In this respect post-Namurian depositional also reported, in Slovenia (Kolar- Jurkovesk and Jurkovesk 1994) and in the Arabian Basin, Persian Gulf and adjacent areas (Alsharhan and Narirn, 1995).
Keywords
Sardar Conglomerate, Conodont, Tabas

Subjects

Alavi- Naini, M. 1972- Eude geologique de la region de Djam, Geol. Surv. Iran, 3:288 p.
Alsharhan, A. S. and Narin, A. E. M., 1995- Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Permian in the Arabian Basin and adjacent areas: A critical review. In: P. A. Scholle, T. M. Peryt and D. S. Ulmer- Scholle (eds.): The Permian of Northern Pangea. V. 2, Sedimentary Basins and Economic Resources, Germany: 187-214, Springer- verlag Berlin.
Bender, K. P. and Stoppel, D., 1965- Perm- Conodonten.- Geologisches Jahrbuch, 82:331-364, Stuttgart.
Branson, E. B. and Mehl, M. G., 1934a- Conodonts from the Grassy Creek Shale of Missouri. University of Missouri Studies, 8:171-259, Columbia, Missouri.
Dzik, J., 1976- Remarks on the evolution of Ordovician conodonts.- Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 21:395-455, Warszawa.
Hass, W. H., 1959- Conodonts from the Chappel Limestone of Texas.- U. S. Geological Survey Professional paper, 249 (J): 365- 399, Washington.
Husseini, M. I., 1992- Upper Palaeozoic tectono- sedimentary evolution of the Arabian and adjoinig plates.-J. Geol. Socitey of London, 149:419-429, London.
Koike, T., 1967- A Carboniferous succession of conodont faunas from the Atetsu Limestone in southwest Japan (Studies of Asiatic conodonts, Part 6). Science Reports of the Tokyo Kyoiku Daigaku. 9(53): 279- 318. Tokyo.
Kolar- Jurkovsek, T. and Jurkovsek, B., 1994- Frasnian and Visean- Namurian conodont faunas at Praprotno, Slovenia.- Rivista Italiano di Paleontolologia e Stratigrafia, 99(4): 427-440. Milano.
Lane, H. R., Sandberg, C. A. and Ziegler, W., 1980- Taxonomy and phylogeny of some Lower Carboniferous conodonts and preliminary standard post- siphonodella Zonation. Geologica et Palaeontologica, 14:117-164, Marburg.
Lane, H. R. and Ziegler, W., 1983- Taxonomy and phylogeny of Scaliognathus Branson and Mehl 1941 (Conodonta, Lower Carboniferous). Senckenbergiana Lethaea, 64:199-225, Frankfurt- am- main.
Lindstrom, M., 1964- Conodonts, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 196p.
Pander, C. H., 1856- Monographie der fossilen Fische des silurischen System der Russich- Baltischen Gouvernements: 1-91 1-8, Akad. Wiss., St. Petersburg.
Partow Azar, H., 1992- Changhsingien Stage in east Iran. Discovery of genus Colaniella and its biostratigraphic importance. (In Persian with abstract in English). Geological Survey of Iran. Geo Sciences. 1(3):44-53, Tehran.
Roundy, P. V., 1926- Part II. The micro- fauna. In: P.V. Roundy, G. H. Girty and M. L. Goldman (eds.), Mississippian Formations of San Saba Country, Texas. U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 146, 63 p. Washington.
Scott, H. W., 1942- Conodont assemblages from the Heath Formation, Montana. Journal of Paleontology, 16:293-300. Tulsa Oklahoma.
Stocklin, J., Eftekhar- Nezhad, J., and Hushmand- Zadeh, A., 1965- (reprinted, 1991)- Geology of the Shotori Range (Tabas area, East Iran). Geolo, Surv. Iran. 3:1-69, Tehran.
Sweet, W. C., 1988- The Conodonta Morphology, Taxonomy, Paleoecology, and Evolutionary History of a long- Extinct Animal Phylum. Monograph on Geology and Geophysics, 10:1-291, Clarenden Press Oxford, Oxford.
Tatge, U., 1956- Conodonten aus dem germanischen Muschelkalk. Palaontologische Zeitschrift, 30:108-127, Stuttgart.
Ulrich, E. O. and Bassler, R. S., 1926- A classification of the tooth like fossils, conodonts, with descriptions of American Devonian and Mississippian species. Proceeding of the United States National Museum, No. 2613, 68(12): 1-63, Washington Goverment Printing Office, Washington.
Voges, A., 1959- Conodonten aus dem Unterkarbon I and II (Gattendorfia- und pericyclus- Stufe) des Sauerlandes. Palaontologische Zietschrift, 33: 266-314, Stuttgart.
Yazdi, M., Parkhydeh, H. and Daghaghzadeh, F., 1990- Exploration of silicious sand in Iran. National Iranian Steel Company. Esfahan Raw materials Supply Company (In Persian). Professional Paper, 155 p., Pyrbakran, Esfahan.
Yazdi. M., 1996- Late Devonian- Carboniferous conodont biostratigraphy of the Tabas area, Eastern Iran. Unpublished PhD. Thesis, Macquarie University, Centre for Ecostratigraphy and Palaebiology, 15 pls., 200 p., Sydney.
Ziegler, W., 1973- Catalogue of Conodonts-1 (ed.), E. Schweizerbart, sche Verlagschhandlung, 504 p., Stuttgart.
Ziegler, W., 1975- Catalogue of Conodonts.- II (ed.), E. chweizerbart, sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 404 p.. Stuttgart.
Ziegler, W., 1977- Catalogue of Conodonts.- III (ed.), E. Schweizerbart, sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 574 p., Stuttgart.
Ziegler, W., 1981- Catalogue of Conodonts.- I (ed.), E. Schweizerbart, sche Verlagshbuchhandlung, 445 p. Stuttgart.
Ziegler, W., 1991- catalogue of Conodonts.- (ed.) E. Schweizerbart, sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 212 p., Stuttgart.
Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Volume 5, Issue 19
Spring 1996, vol. 5, No. 19
Summer 1996
Pages 32-41