N. Fouladi Moghaddam; A. A. Matkan; M. R. Sahebi; M. Roustaei
Abstract
Hydrocarbon fluid extraction from high compactable and low permeable reservoirs resulted in gradual surface deformation that causes significant costs due to overburden failures. However, surveying benchmarks make it possible to compare the repeated leveling measurements at the specific locations, then ...
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Hydrocarbon fluid extraction from high compactable and low permeable reservoirs resulted in gradual surface deformation that causes significant costs due to overburden failures. However, surveying benchmarks make it possible to compare the repeated leveling measurements at the specific locations, then it is necessary to introduce an effective method that is more real time and cost-effective. Differential SAR interferometry (DInSAR) is a new technology in which satellite images are used for field surface displacement monitoring. In this method, the high resolution images derived from Radar measurements are used for surface deformation rates assessment to improve the management and mitigation of traditional production costs. In this study, surface displacements caused by fluid withdrawal in Aghajari oil field are presented using Radar observations as the InSAR data reveal both subsidence and uplift signals for each production and observation wells distributed over the site. A number of production site inspections in a time series of interferograms reveal that the surface deformation signals developed due to extraction in several months as well as different subsidence or uplift rates and deformation styles occur locally depending on the geological conditions and excavation rates.
S. M. Masoudi; F. Fereidoni; & A. A. Matkan
Abstract
In this study, for the first time, Pumices around Damavand Mountain is studied by IRS-1C, Aster and ETM+ images. For this purpose at first, all images are preprocessed. It means geometric corrections and registering images together and with topography maps (1:25000) are done. Then atmospheric corrections, ...
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In this study, for the first time, Pumices around Damavand Mountain is studied by IRS-1C, Aster and ETM+ images. For this purpose at first, all images are preprocessed. It means geometric corrections and registering images together and with topography maps (1:25000) are done. Then atmospheric corrections, calibration of radiance and reflectance and topographic correction with Minneart method are done too. Preprocessing, some techniques like PCA, IHS, OIF, FCC and SAM have been done. Pan image of IRS-1C satellite for data fusion in visible and near infrared of Aster at visual interpretation and recognizing of roads and mines is better than ETM images. After data preprocessing, some techniques like PCA, IHS, OIF, FCC and SAM have been done. Pan image of IRS-1C satellite for data fusion in visible and near infrared of Aster at visual interpretation and recognizing of roads and mines is better than ETM images. IHS and PCA methods equally have separated clearly Pumice mines and trachyandesites without vegetations and soils covers. With respect to VNIR of Aster has more intensity than other spectral areas. Also because of high topographic changes and pampas vegetation, visible bands and Very Near Infrared (VNIR) of Aster aren't too useful. These spectral areas are caused mixing classes together, especially limestones and pumice. Totally for most of stones and different ores, spectral area of Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) of Aster has the best ability. For categorizing and extracting pumices potential layers from images, sampling is done on pixel or pixels that contain pumice mines. Because of less expansion of mines, samples are picked up on just one pixel or in maximum case ten pixels. According to that limitation, Spectral Angle Method (SAM) technique has more ability than the other methods. Use of DEM for separation flat or low dip lands whereas are placed for Pumices in northern, eastern and some southern parts of studied area is effective, but any worthwhile tracks of pumice weren’t found in south-west of mountain. Finally mining hopeful areas in cast of mining potential map is prepared. By calculating the overlay of effective geology structure layer with pumice mines areas layer, which is extracted from PAN image, the amount of overlay is calculated ninety three percent.
