Tectonic provenance of the Upper Red Formation sandstones in the Hesar section, Mahneshan Basin (west Alborz)

Qavim, Navid; Etemad-Saeed, Najmeh; Najafi, Mahdi

doi:10.22071/gsj.2020.208284.1721

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

¹ Ms.c. student, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS

² Assistant Professor, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)

https://doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2020.208284.1721

Abstract

The Mahneshan Basin is one of the syntectonic Neogene sub-basins of the Central Iran. The basin is filled by about 4 km of the Miocene Upper Red Formation deposits, showing a combination of halokinetic and growth strata patterns. To assess the provenance evolution of sediments in north of the Mahneshan basin named the Hesar section, we conducted remote sensing mapping, field survey, as well as petrographical and modal analyses of sandstones. Our results reveal that the sandstones are fine to medium-grained sedarenites (Q46F10Rf44) and mainly derived from fine-grained siliciclastics, metamorphic, carbonate, chert and andesitic volcanic rocks, which were exposed in an orogenic tectonic setting (Qm34F10Lt56 and Qt49F10L41). The combination of provenance data and northeastward paleocurrent direction, reflect that the sediments mainly supplied from basement rocks of the Takab Complex and Qom Formation in southwest of Mahneshan Basin. The unchanged provenance of sediments along the studied succession, indicate that regional shortening and uplift of parent rocks has begun before deposition of the Upper Red Formation (Miocene) and continued during deposition of these sediments. This is in agreement with previous age assumption for exhumation of Takab Complex during Oligocene time.

Keywords

20.1001.1.10237429.1399.30.118.4.4

Main Subjects

Sedimentology

References

References

Agard, P., Omrani, J., Jolivet, L. and Mouthereau, F., 2005- Convergence history across Zagros (Iran): Constraints from collisional an earlier deformation, International Journal Earth Sciences, 94, 401-419. doi:10.1007/s00531-005-0481-4.

Alavi, M., 1994- Tectonics of the Zagros orogenic belt of Iran: New data and interpretations. Tectonophysics, 229, 211-238. doi:10.1016/0040-1951(94)90030-2.

Amini, A., 2002- Sandstone Petrofacies Expressions of Source and Tectonic Controls on Sedimentation in a Back-arc Basin, Central Zone, Iran. Iranian International Journal of Science, 3, 43-67.

Ballato, P., Nowaczyk, N. R., Landgraf, A., Strecker, M. R., Friedrich, A. and Tabatabaei, S.H., 2008- Tectonic control on sedimentary facies pattern and sediment accumulation rates in the Miocene foreland basin of the southern Alborz mountains, northern Iran. Tectonics, 27(6), 1-20. doi:10.1029/2008TC002278.

Ballato, P., Mulch, A., Landgraf, A., Strecker, M. R., Dalconi, M. C., Friedrich, A. and Tabatabaei, S. H. 2010- Middle to late Miocene Middle Eastern climate from stable oxygen and carbon isotope data, southern Alborz mountains, N Iran. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 300, 125-138. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.09.043.

Ballato, P., Uba, C. E., Landgraf, A., Strecker, M. R., Sudo, M., Stockli, D. F., Friedrich, A. and Tabatabaei, S. H., 2011- Arabia-Eurasia continental collision: Insights from late Tertiary foreland-basin evolution in the Alborz Mountains, northern Iran. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 123, 106-131. doi:10.1130/B30091.1.

Ballato, P., Cifelli, F., Heidarzadeh, G., Ghassemi, M. R., Wickert, A. D., Hassanzadeh, J., Dupont‐Nivet, G., Balling, P., Sudo, M., Zeilinger, G. and Schmitt, A. K., 2017- Tectono-sedimentary evolution of the northern Iranian Plateau: insights from middle--late Miocene foreland-basin deposits. Basin Research, 29, 417-446. doi:10.1111/bre.12180.

Basu, A., Young, S. W., Suttner, L. J., James, W. C. and Mack, G. H., 1975- Re-evaluation of the use of undulatory extinction and polycrystallinity in detrital quartz for provenance interpretation. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 45, 873-882. doi:10.1306/212F6E6F-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D.

Berberian, M. and King, G. C. P., 1981- Towards a paleogeography and tectonic evolution of Iran. Canadian journal of earth sciences, 18(2), 210-265. doi:10.1139/e81-019.

Boggs, S., 2009- Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511626487.

Daneshian, J. and Ghanbari, M., 2017- Stratigraphic distribution of planktonic foraminifera from the Qom Formation: A case study from the Zanjan area (NW Central Iran). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie-Abhandlungen, 283, 239-254. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2017/0636.

Dickinson, W. R., 1985- Interpreting provenance relations from detrital modes of sandstones. In Provenance of Arenites. Springer, Dordrecht.333-361. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2809-6_15.

Ghasemi, A. and Talbot, C. J., 2006- A new tectonic scenario for the Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone (Iran). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 26(6), 683-693. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2005.01.003.

Folk, R. L., 1974- Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks. Hemphill Publishing Company.

Guest, B., Axen, G. J., Lam, P. S. and Hassanzadeh, J., 2006- Late Cenozoic shortening in the west-central Alborz Mountains, northern Iran, by combined conjugate strike-slip and thin-skinned deformation. Geosphere, 2, 35-52. doi:10.1130/GES00019.1.

Guest, B., Horton, B. K., Axen, G. J., Hassanzadeh, J. and McIntosh, W. C., 2007- Middle to late Cenozoic basin evolution in the western Alborz Mountains: Implications for the onset of collisional deformation in northern Iran. Tectonics, 26, 1-26. doi:10.1029/2006TC002091.

Horton, B. K., Hassanzadeh, J., Stockli, D. F., Axen, G. J., Gillis, R. J., Guest, B., Amini, A., Fakhari, M. D., Zamanzadeh, S. M. and Grove, M., 2008- Detrital zircon provenance of Neoproterozoic to Cenozoic deposits in Iran: Implications for chronostratigraphy and collisional tectonics. Tectonophysics, 451, 97-122. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2007.11.063.

Ingersoll, R. V. and Suczek, C.A., 1979- Petrology and provenance of Neogene sand from Nicobar and Bengal fans, DSDP sites 211 and 218. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 49, 1217-1228. doi:10.1306/212F78F1-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D.

Ingersoll, R. V., Bullard, T. F., Ford, R. L., Grimm, J. P., Pickle, J. D. and Sares, S. W., 1984- The effect of grain size on detrital modes: a test of the Gazzi-Dickinson point-counting method. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 54, 103-116. doi:10.1306/212F83B9-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D.

Madanipour, S., Ehlers, T. A., Yassaghi, A. and Enkelmann, E., 2017- Accelerated middle Miocene exhumation of the Talesh Mountains constrained by U-Th/He thermochronometry: evidence for the Arabia-Eurasia collision in the NW Iranian Plateau. Tectonics, 36, 1538-1561. doi:10.1002/2016TC004291.

Moghadam, H. S., Li, X. -H., Stern, R. J., Ghorbani, G. and Bakhshizad, F., 2016- Zircon U -Pb ages and Hf -O isotopic composition of migmatites from the Zanjan-Takab complex, NW Iran: Constraints on partial melting of metasediments. Lithos, 240, 34-48. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2015.11.004.

Mohajjel, M., Fergusson, C. L. and Sahandi, M. R., 2003- Cretaceous-Tertiary convergence and continental collision, Sanandaj-Sirjan zone, western Iran, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 21, 397-412. doi:10.1016/S1367-9120(02)00035-4.

Morley, C. K., Kongwung, B., Julapour, A. A., Abdolghafourian, M., Hajian, M., Waples, D., Warren, J., Otterdoom, H., Srisuriyon, K. and Kazemi, H., 2009- Structural development of a major late Cenozoic basin and transpressional belt in central Iran: The Central Basin in the Qom-Saveh area. Geosphere, 5, 325-362. doi:10.1130/GES00223.1.

Tortosa, A., Palomares, M. and Arribas, J., 1991- Quartz grain types in Holocene deposits from the Spanish Central System: some problems in provenance analysis. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 57, 47-54. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1991.057.01.05.

Zachos, J., Pagani, M., Sloan, L., Thomas, E. and Billups, K., 2001- Trends, rhythms, and aberrations in global climate 65 Ma to present. Science, 292, 686-693. doi:10.1126/science.1059412.

Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences

Tectonic provenance of the Upper Red Formation sandstones in the Hesar section, Mahneshan Basin (west Alborz)

References

References

Volume 30, Issue 118 - Serial Number 118
Vo. 30, No, 118, Winter 2021
January 2021
Pages 37-46

Tectonic provenance of the Upper Red Formation sandstones in the Hesar section, Mahneshan Basin (west Alborz)

References

References

Volume 30, Issue 118 - Serial Number 118Vo. 30, No, 118, Winter 2021January 2021Pages 37-46

Volume 30, Issue 118 - Serial Number 118
Vo. 30, No, 118, Winter 2021
January 2021
Pages 37-46