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Sedimentology of longitudinal bars in the Elyato river (South Western Fariman)

Document Type : Original Research Paper

Authors

1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

3 3Professor, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

The elongated Elyato River catchment, covering about 52.89 Km2 areas, is located in southwestern Fariman. To understand the grain size variation and effective factors in downstream fining, 35 samples from central axis of Longitudinal Bars have been collected and analyzed. The results indicate that the grain size decreases downstream as exponential. The lithological and geomorphological changes and faulting are effective in the slope percentage changes downstream. Based on petrographic studies, sediments on the river’s substrate are igneous rock fragments such as gabbro and serpentine group.  However, based on sedimentological studies, we show that the sediments of Longitudinal Bars are mostly poorly and very poorly sorted, near symmetrical to very positive skewness and mesokurtic and platy kurtic kurtosis. Six sedimentary facies including grain supported gravel (Gcm), matrix supported gravel (Gmm), grain supported gravel with horizontal bedding (Gh), massive sand (Sm), laminated mud (Fl) and massive mud (Fm) are recognized along the wall of the studied river. These sedimentary facies have formed in 3 architectural elements including channel (CH), Gravel bars and bed form (GB) and fine grain clastic deposits (FF). Based on sedimentary facies and architectural elements, sedimentary model for this river is proposed as gravelly braided river system.

Keywords

References
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Scientific Quarterly Journal of Geosciences
Volume 26, Issue 101 - Serial Number 101
VOL.26, NO101
December 2017
Pages 69-78
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