نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکترا، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

3 استاد، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

4 استادیار، دانشکده زمین‎شناسی، پردیس علوم، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

بخش اول تونل انتقال آب کرج به طول 16 کیلومتر برای انتقال آب از سد امیرکبیر به تصفیه‌خانه تهران در سازند کرج حفاری شد. برای برآورد میزان نفوذ آب به درون تونل­ها، روش­ها و روابط متفاوتی وجود دارد. ورود آب به تونل توسط روش‌های تحلیلی و تجربی برآورد شد و اندازه‌گیری روزانه آب واقعی ورودی به تونل اختلافاتی را با این روش‌ها نشان داد. در این پژوهش، بر پایه مقایسه میان ارقام واقعی و پیش‌بینی‌های صورت گرفته، روابطی برای شرایط مشابه آب‌زمین‌شناختی ارایه شد. روش‌های تحلیلی، ارقام بالاتری را نسبت به پیش‌بینی‌ها نشان دادند که بر پایه این مطالعات، افزون بر نفوذپذیری و بار آبی که در این روش‌ها وجود دارد؛ ساختارهای زمین‌شناسی، بارش و شیب لایه‌ها در ورود آب زیرزمینی به تونل مؤثرند. بیشترین حجم ورود آب به تونل کرج در ساختارهای زمین‌شناسی همچون چین‌ها، گسل‌ها، دایک‌ها و درزه‌های باز صورت گرفته که در بیشتر مواقع نیز انطباق زمانی قابل‌ توجهی با بارندگی‌ها داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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